What is VES?  

VES stands for Vertical Electrical Sounding. This is a measurement technique which collects resistivity data at different depths beneath a…

Can you carry out GPR measurements on water? 

GPR measurements can be carried out on water, from a boat, drone or from an ice surface, if the water…

What is Induced Polarization (IP)?

IP stands for “Induced Polarization”. IP measures the chargeability of the ground, in other words how does the voltage of…

What is SP?

SP can stand for Self Potential, Spontaneous Potential or Streaming Potential. Whichever is used, it is referring to a passive…

What is MASW?

MASW stands for Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves and it can be used to determine depth to bedrock, shear strength…

How does borehole GPR work?

In principle, Borehole GPR is identical to surface GPR measurements. The main difference is that the media to investigate normally…

What is a hyperbola?

A hyperbola is the reflection created when the radar wave bounces off a single point object in the ground. It…

What are seismic waves?

Seismic waves are elastic waves propagating through the ground. These waves are produced by an earthquake or some other physical…

How do I connect a GNSS to my GPR?  

An external GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) device (GPS, GLONASS etc.) can be connected to your GPR equipment by a cable or be connected wirelessly by Bluetooth, depending on the GPR system you use. …

What antenna frequency should I use for my GPR investigation?

Which antenna frequency to use depends mainly on two factors: the desired resolution and depth of your investigations. Quite often…